{"id":5882,"date":"2021-05-23T16:56:05","date_gmt":"2021-05-23T16:56:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/accursed-mountains.me\/rreth-malit\/biodiverzitet\/"},"modified":"2021-07-01T21:21:13","modified_gmt":"2021-07-01T21:21:13","slug":"biodiversiteti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/accursed-mountains.me\/sq\/lidhur-me-bjeshket\/biodiversiteti\/","title":{"rendered":"Biodiversiteti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gjeomorfologjia komplekse e terrenit, kushtet e llojllojshme klimatike q\u00eb shkojn\u00eb q\u00eb nga klima submesdhetare deri tek klima alpine e bjeshk\u00ebve t\u00eb larta, kan\u00eb formuar kushtet p\u00ebr krijimin e llojllojshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb madhe t\u00eb komuniteteve dhe habitateve t\u00eb pasura me flor\u00eb, vegjetacion t\u00eb harlisur, si dhe bot\u00ebn e pasur shtazore.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Flora\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Masivi bjeshkor i Bjeshk\u00ebve t\u00eb Nemuna radhitet n\u00eb bjeshka m\u00eb t\u00eb pasura n\u00eb Ballkan nga pik\u00ebpamja e flor\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb vegjetacionit. K\u00ebtu jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruara, si n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb kopsht botanik t\u00eb pasur, gati 2000 specie t\u00eb ndryshme bimore, prej t\u00eb cilave me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb vet\u00eb dallohen llojet endemike, relikte dhe ato t\u00eb rralla. Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb karakteristike prania e bim\u00ebve sh\u00ebruese, aromatike, bim\u00ebve q\u00eb sjellin mjalt\u00eb dhe bim\u00ebve q\u00eb rriten vetvetiu dhe sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr ushqim. N\u00eb list\u00ebn e llojeve bimore t\u00eb mbrojtura n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi ndodhen 415 specie, prej t\u00eb cilave madje 60 ndodhen n\u00eb Bjeshk\u00ebt e Nemuna. Disa nga llojet q\u00eb dallohen me bukuri dhe r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb veta jan\u00eb Pafti i Hiroknis\u00eb <\/span>(<\/span>Acer intermedium<\/span><\/i>), Vulfenija e Ble\u00e7iqit (<\/span>Wulfenia blecic<\/span><\/i>), luleylli (<\/span>Leontopodium alpinum<\/span><\/i>), haraqina (<\/span>Valeriana pancicii), klok\u00ebza lulemadhe (Silene macrantha), itd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nga komunitetet bimore, si resurs m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm ekonomik por edhe turistik, ve\u00e7ohen pyjet. Pyjet jan\u00eb burimi i pa\u00e7muesh\u00ebm i vlerave estetike, por edhe faktori i paz\u00ebvend\u00ebsuesh\u00ebm i mbrojtjes s\u00eb mjedisit t\u00eb njeriut. M\u00eb atraktive jan\u00eb pyjet halore ku mbizot\u00ebrojn\u00eb llojet relikte t\u00eb pishave t\u00eb arnenit (Pinus peuce) dhe rrobullit (<\/span>Pinus heldreichii<\/span><\/i>). P\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsit m\u00eb tipik\u00eb dhe m\u00eb cil\u00ebsor\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre pyjeve n\u00eb Gasdishullin Ballkanik ndodhen pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Bjeshk\u00ebt e Nemuna.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Arneni dhe rrobulli n\u00eb Bjeshk\u00ebt e Nemuna dallohen me t\u00ebr\u00ebsi t\u00eb pastra dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera, bashk\u00eb me d\u00ebllinj\u00eb dhe ahun q\u00eb shtrihen n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e larta t\u00eb vegjetacionit pyjor. Arneni mund t\u00eb haset n\u00eb lart\u00ebsi mbidetare prej 1000 deri n\u00eb 2000 metra, kurse rrobulli haset n\u00eb brezin prej 1700 deri n\u00eb 2000 m. K\u00ebto pyje i kan\u00eb cil\u00ebsit\u00eb e pyjeve t\u00eb paprekura dhe paraqesin rrall\u00ebsi t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb flor\u00ebs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Fauna<\/b><\/p>\n

Bjeshk\u00ebt e Nemuna jan\u00eb t\u00eb pasura me faun\u00ebn e llojllojshme t\u00eb gjitar\u00ebve, shpend\u00ebve, peshqve, amfibeve dhe invertebrateve. Midis tyre, shum\u00eb lloje jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbrjtura me ligj. Kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr insektet, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit karakteristik\u00eb jan\u00eb milingona e drurit t\u00eb kuq (<\/span>Formica rufa<\/span><\/i>), kacadreni ose gredhi (<\/span>Lacanus cervus<\/span><\/i>) dhe fluturat \u2013 flutura e Apolonit (<\/span>Parnassius apollo<\/span><\/i>) dhe flutura bajrake (<\/span>Papilio machaon<\/span><\/i>).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bjeshk\u00ebt e Nemuna jan\u00eb qendra m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e diversitetit t\u00eb herpetofaun\u00ebs. N\u00eb disa lokalitete ndodhen popullsit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb salamandr\u00ebs alpine. N\u00ebse b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr endemiz\u00ebm, prej dyzet\u00eb llojeve t\u00eb amfibeve dhe zvarranik\u00ebve n\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb Bjeshk\u00ebve t\u00eb Nemuna n\u00ebnt\u00eb lloje jan\u00eb endemike. Jan\u00eb t\u00eb pranishme llojet si\u00e7 jan\u00eb thith\u00eblopa (Bufo bufo), thith\u00eblopa e gjelb\u00ebr (Bufo viridis), bretkosa jon\u00eb m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl gargaliqi (Hyla arborea), nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb dy lloje t\u00eb salamandrave bjeshkore (tritoni i vog\u00ebl dhe tritoni alpin \u2013 Triturus vulgaris, T. alpestris) jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb liqenet, k\u00ebnetat dhe b\u00ebrrakat bjeshkore.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Shpend\u00ebt jan\u00eb grupi m\u00eb i cenuar dhe m\u00eb i ndjesh\u00ebm i bot\u00ebs shtazore n\u00eb nivelin bot\u00ebror. Kushtet e volitshme p\u00ebr ornitofaun\u00ebn kan\u00eb krijuar kushte p\u00ebr faun\u00ebn e pasur dhe t\u00eb llojllojshme t\u00eb shpend\u00ebve. N\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Bjeshk\u00ebve t\u00eb Nemuna deri tani jan\u00eb regjistruar 161 lloje t\u00eb shpend\u00ebve. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb list\u00eb mund t\u00eb shtohen edhe afro nj\u00ebzet\u00eb lloje q\u00eb mund t\u00eb regjistrohen, ashtu q\u00eb vihet deri tek t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat se Bjeshk\u00ebt e Nemuna sigurisht jan\u00eb masivi m\u00eb i pasur me ornitofaun\u00eb n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi. K\u00ebtu mund t\u00eb hasen zhyt\u00ebsit gush\u00ebzez\u00eb, zhyt\u00ebsit, karabullak\u00ebt, gatat, patat, rosat, gjeraqina, skifter\u00ebt, kreksi, shapk\u00ebza e ujit, vraponj\u00ebsit, shapkat, pul\u00ebbardhat, qyqet, buf\u00ebt, dall\u00ebndyshet nate, shpejtak\u00ebt, sorrat e arta, bilbilat uji, qukapik\u00ebt, dall\u00ebndyshet, laureshat, bisht\u00ebl\u00ebkund\u00ebsit, larash\u00ebt, orionet e art\u00eb, g\u00ebrgul\u00ebt, sorrat…<\/span><\/p>\n

Kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr faun\u00ebn e gjitar\u00ebve, ariu (Ursus arctos), Dhelpra (Vulpes vulpes) dhe ujku (Canis lupus) jan\u00eb kafsh\u00ebt shum\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshme t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre trevave. Kaprollja (Capreolus capreolus) \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e rrall\u00eb, kurse dhia e eg\u00ebr (Rupicapra rupicapra) \u00ebsht\u00eb kafsh\u00eb e zakonshme p\u00ebr k\u00ebto zona, sikur dhe derri i eg\u00ebr (Sus scrofa) dhe lepuri (Lepus europeus). Nga gjitar\u00ebt e vegj\u00ebl p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb zon\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden: rr\u00ebmih\u00ebsi i r\u00ebndomt\u00eb (Sorex araneus), hund\u00ebgjati alpin (Sorex alpinus), hund\u00ebgjati i ujit (Neomys fodiens), hund\u00ebgjati dhemb\u00ebkuq (Neomys anomalus), urithi i verb\u00ebr (Talpa coeca), si speciet q\u00eb g\u00ebzojn\u00eb mbrojtjen nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

<\/div>